DBMS > 4D vs. DuckDB vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. DuckDB vs. YugabyteDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

High-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.27
Rank	#112	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	5.98
Rank	#57	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Score	2.46
Rank	#108	Overall
	#53	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

duckdb.org

www.yugabyte.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

duckdb.org/docs

docs.yugabyte.com
github.com/yugabyte/yugabyte-db

Developer

4D, Inc

Yugabyte Inc.

Initial release

1984

2018

2017

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.0.0, June 2024

2.19, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

yes

depending on used data model

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

yes, PostgreSQL compatible

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

sql, plpgsql, C

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Hash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Distributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

based on RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Recent citations in the news

My First Billion (of Rows) in DuckDB
1 May 2024, Towards Data Science

Grafana critical vulnerability risks remote code execution | SC Media
18 October 2024, SC Media

TigerEye Open Sources DuckDB.dart
15 August 2024, Datanami

PostgreSQL in line for DuckDB-shaped boost in analytics arena
20 August 2024, The Register

Unleashing Postgres for Analytics With DuckDB Integration
24 July 2024, The New Stack

provided by Google News

YugabyteDB Evolves PostgreSQL to a Distributed Architecture for Modern, Cloud-Native Applications
19 September 2024, businesswire.com

Yugabyte Announces Sixth Annual Distributed SQL Summit, Unveils Keynote and Lineup of Speakers for November Hybrid Event
3 October 2024, Yahoo Finance

YugabyteDB evolves into a distributed PostgreSQL database for apps that need resilience and scale
19 September 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Yugabyte Improves Postgres Compatibility
24 September 2024, iProgrammer

YugabyteDB Becomes First Distributed SQL Database Vendor to Complete CIS Benchmark
1 February 2024, Datanami

provided by Google News

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