DBMS > 4D vs. DuckDB vs. Heroic vs. Realm vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. DuckDB vs. Heroic vs. Realm vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	4.68
Rank	#76	Overall
	#41	Relational DBMS

Score	0.57
Rank	#250	Overall
	#21	Time Series DBMS

Score	7.71
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Score	0.06
Rank	#365	Overall
	#55	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

duckdb.org

github.com/spotify/heroic

realm.io

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

duckdb.org/docs

spotify.github.io/heroic

realm.io/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Spotify

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

STS Soft SC

Initial release

1984

2018

2014

2011

Current release

v20, April 2023

0.10, February 2024

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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Recent citations in the news

DuckDB Walks to the Beat of Its Own Analytics Drum
5 March 2024, Datanami

Enabling Remote Query Execution through DuckDB Extensions
12 March 2024, InfoQ.com

How to read OSM data with DuckDB | Kamil Raczycki
1 March 2024, Towards Data Science

Seattle startup MotherDuck raises $52.5M at a $400M valuation to fuel DuckDB analytics platform
20 September 2023, GeekWire

MotherDuck Raises $52.5 Million Series B Funding as DuckDB Adoption Soars
20 September 2023, PR Newswire

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7 September 2016, InfoWorld

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6 October 2016, The Business Journals

MongoDB aims to unify developer experience with launch of MongoDB Cloud
9 June 2020, diginomica

Kotlin Programming Language Will Surpass Java On Android Next Year
15 October 2017, Fossbytes

Is Swift the Future of Server-side Development?
12 September 2017, Solutions Review

A Quick Look at Open Source Databases for Mobile App Development
29 April 2018, Open Source For You

provided by Google News

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