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DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Immudb vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Immudb vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.39
Rank#155  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comdgraph.iogithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
trafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docsdocs.immudb.iotrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
Developer4D, IncDgraph Labs, Inc.CodenotaryApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release1984201620202014
Current releasev20, April 20231.2.3, April 20222.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoGoC++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like syntaxyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyesShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSynchronous replication via Raftyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionDgraphImmudbTrafodion
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