DBMS > 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Geode vs. LokiJS vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Dgraph vs. Geode vs. LokiJS vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

TypeDB provides developers with an expressive, customizable type system to manage their data using an award-winning query language, TypeQL, while building on a high-performance, distributed architecture.

Primary database model

The type-theoretic data model of TypeDB subsumes the graph database model.
Object oriented DBMS

The data model of TypeDB comprises object-oriented features such as class inheritance and interfaces.
Relational DBMS

The type-theoretic data model of TypeDB subsumes the relational database model.

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.39
Rank	#155	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.51
Rank	#147	Overall
	#25	Key-value stores

Score	0.44
Rank	#256	Overall
	#40	Document stores

Score	0.65
Rank	#230	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#9	Object oriented DBMS
	#107	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

dgraph.io

geode.apache.org

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

typedb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

dgraph.io/docs

geode.apache.org/docs

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

typedb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Vaticle

Initial release

1984

2016

2002

2014

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.1, February 2017

2.28.3, June 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language (OQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

JavaScript API

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (IDE)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

JavaScript

All JVM based languages
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication

none

Synchronous replication via raft

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Planned for future releases

Access rights per client and object definable

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more

Competitive advantages

TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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