DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Datomic

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Datomic

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.29
Rank	#95	Overall
	#49	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.76
Rank	#145	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

druid.apache.org

www.datomic.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

docs.datomic.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Cognitect

Initial release

1984

2012

Current release

v20, April 2023

29.0.1, April 2024

1.0.6735, June 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache license v2

commercial

limited edition free

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Java, Clojure

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL for querying

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

Triggers

yes

By using transaction functions

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

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