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DBMS > 4D vs. Couchbase vs. MySQL vs. Realm vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Couchbase vs. MySQL vs. Realm vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseWidely used open source RDBMSA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsKey-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.80
Rank#111  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score19.15
Rank#36  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score1101.50
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score7.70
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score45.49
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.couchbase.comwww.mysql.comrealm.iowww.sap.com/­products/­hana.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchbase.comdev.mysql.com/­docrealm.io/­docshelp.sap.com/­hana
Developer4D, IncCouchbase, Inc.Oracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019SAP
Initial release19842011199520142010
Current releasev20, April 2023Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 20238.3.0, January 20242.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availableOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoalso available as a cloud based service
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.
Implementation languageC, C++, Go and ErlangC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Appliance or cloud-service
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesyes infowith proprietary extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++yes infoproprietary syntaxno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessarySQLScript, R
Triggersyesyes infovia the TAP protocolyesyes infoChange Listenersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneAutomatic Shardinghorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabricnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage enginenoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoEphemeral bucketsyesyes infoIn-Memory realmyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.Users with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesyesyes

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Related products and services
3rd partiesCData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for MySQL and many other database management systems.
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Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.
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Navicat for MySQL is the ideal solution for MySQL/MariaDB administration and development.
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CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseMySQLRealmSAP HANA
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