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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TigerGraph vs. Valentina Server

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TigerGraph vs. Valentina Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonValentina Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeObject-relational database and reports server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.80
Rank#111  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score11.73
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score23.95
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#143  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#331  Overall
#145  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.tigergraph.comwww.valentina-db.net
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.tigergraph.comvalentina-db.com/­docs/­dokuwiki/­v5/­doku.php
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMicrosoftParadigma Software
Initial release19842005201620171999
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 20235.7.5
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangC++C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesSQL-like query language (GSQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C#
Java
PHP
C++
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptTransact SQLyesyes
Triggersyesyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Sharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyesRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTigerGraphValentina Server
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