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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Hive vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Hive vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.80
Rank#111  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score11.73
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score64.82
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#287  Overall
#38  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score845.81
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orghive.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablecwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homelearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookLeanXcaleMicrosoft
Initial release19842005201220151989
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 20233.1.3, April 2022SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infothrough Apache Derbyyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C++
Java
PHP
Python
C
Java
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Shardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
selectable replication factoryes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possiblenoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights for users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"HiveLeanXcaleMicrosoft SQL Server
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