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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Hive vs. LeanXcale

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Hive vs. LeanXcale

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score10.26
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.07
Rank#188  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#86  Relational DBMS
Score62.59
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.35
Rank#283  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#128  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbhive.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stableapple.github.io/­foundationdbcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Home
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerFoundationDBApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookLeanXcale
Initial release19842005201320122015
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 20236.2.28, November 20203.1.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageErlangC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnono infosome layers support typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nosupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infothrough Apache Derby
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Java
PHP
Python
C
Java
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptin SQL-layer onlyyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduce
Triggersyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesselectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoin SQL-layer onlynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenoAccess rights for users, groups and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"FoundationDBHiveLeanXcale
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