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DBMS > 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. LeanXcale vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CouchDB vs. Datomic vs. LeanXcale vs. Solr

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score10.26
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.76
Rank#145  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score0.35
Rank#283  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#128  Relational DBMS
Score44.28
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websitewww.4d.comcouchdb.apache.orgwww.datomic.comwww.leanxcale.comsolr.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.datomic.comsolr.apache.org/­resources.html
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerCognitectLeanXcaleApache Software Foundation
Initial release19842005201220152006
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 20231.0.6735, June 20239.5.0, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangJava, ClojureJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoyes infothrough Apache DerbySolr Parallel SQL Interface
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIRESTful HTTP APIJDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Clojure
Java
C
Java
Scala
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesView functions in JavaScriptyes infoTransaction FunctionsJava plugins
TriggersyesyesBy using transaction functionsyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonospark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACIDoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenoyes

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DatomicLeanXcaleSolr
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