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DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. QuestDB vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. QuestDB vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A high performance open source SQL database for time series dataA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score6.10
Rank#58  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score2.48
Rank#115  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#141  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.comquestdb.iowww.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsquestdb.io/­docsdocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncCockroach LabsQuestDB Technology Inc8Kdata
Initial release19842015201420172016
Current releasev20, April 202323.1.1, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CockroachDB: A cloud-native, distributed SQL database designed for speed, scale, and survival. Get started for free today with a fully-managed CockroachDB cluster -- leave operations behind and get your app to market faster.
Implementation languageGoJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesdynamic schemayes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL with time-series extensionsSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCHTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoyes
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFThorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTSource-replica replication with eventual consistencySource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID for single-table writesACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infothrough memory mapped filesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBQuestDBTigerGraphToroDB
Specific characteristicsCockroachDB is a cloud-native, distributed SQL database architected for modern applications....
» more
Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantages- EFFORTLESS SCALE: Scale your applications, not operational complexity. CockroachDB...
» more
High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosPayment processing, user account management, metadata management, identity access...
» more
Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersComcast, DoorDash, Mythical Games, Norfolk Southern, Netflix, LUSH, Bose, Shipt,...
» more
Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Market metrics12K+ long-running clusters 25K+ CockroachDB self-hosted clusters 75K+ CockroachDB...
» more
Licensing and pricing models- Apache 2.0 for core features released up to and including the 19.1 release - Time-limited...
» more
Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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