DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. Greenplum vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. Greenplum vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database

A logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.15
Rank	#123	Overall
	#60	Relational DBMS

Score	9.23
Rank	#47	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.citusdata.com

docs.greenplum.org

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Pivotal Software Inc.

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

1984

2010

2005

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

8.1, December 2018

7.0.0, September 2023

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++, Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

since Version 4.2

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Source-replica replication

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Recent citations in the news

Ubicloud wants to build an open source alternative to AWS
5 March 2024, TechCrunch

How Citus Health Uses AWS to Provide Secure and Real-Time Virtual Patient Care - AWS Startups
18 August 2023, AWS Blog

Microsoft Benchmarks Distributed PostgreSQL DBs
10 July 2023, Datanami

Distributed PostgreSQL Benchmarks: Azure Cosmos DB, CockroachDB, and YugabyteDB
8 July 2023, InfoQ.com

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL ...
24 January 2019, Microsoft

provided by Google News

VMware Greenplum on AWS: Parallel Postgres for Enterprise Analytics at Scale | Amazon Web Services
9 September 2019, AWS Blog

1. Introducing the Greenplum Database - Data Warehousing with Greenplum [Book]
6 December 2018, O'Reilly Media

Greenplum 6 ventures outside the analytic box | ZDNET
19 March 2019, ZDNet

Greenplum 6 review: Jack of all trades, master of some
7 November 2019, InfoWorld

EMC and Greenplum Dress Elephant for IT Parade
8 December 2011, WIRED

provided by Google News

HP Throws Trafodion Hat into OLTP Hadoop Ring
14 July 2014, Datanami

Evaluating HTAP Databases for Machine Learning Applications
2 November 2016, KDnuggets

Low-latency, distributed database architectures are critical for emerging fog applications
7 April 2022, Embedded Computing Design

provided by Google News

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