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DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. GeoSpock vs. Kdb

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. GeoSpock vs. Kdb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGeoSpock  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparison
GeoSpock seems to be discontinued. Therefore it will be excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLSpatial and temporal data processing engine for extreme data scaleHigh performance Time Series DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score7.73
Rank#45  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.citusdata.comgeospock.comkx.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.citusdata.comcode.kx.com
Developer4D, IncGeoSpockKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc
Initial release198420102000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003
Current releasev20, April 20238.1, December 20182.0, September 20193.6, May 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercial infofree 32-bit version
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJava, Javascriptq
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes
Secondary indexesyesyestemporal, categoricalyes infotable attribute 'grouped'
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsANSI SQL for query only (using Presto)SQL-like query language (q)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBCHTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nouser defined functions
Triggersyesyesnoyes infowith views
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingAutomatic shardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infosimilar paradigm used for internal processing
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per tablerights management via user accounts
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusGeoSpockKdb
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusGeoSpockKdb
DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Recent citations in the news

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL performance and scale
24 January 2019, Microsoft

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5 March 2024, TechCrunch

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, creators of a cloud-friendly version of the PostgreSQL database
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Microsoft buys an open source database startup to give it an edge against Amazon Web Services
24 January 2019, Business Insider

Microsoft acquires another open-source company, Citus Data
24 January 2019, CNBC

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23 February 2021, ComputerWeekly.com

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2 October 2020, EU-Startups

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16 May 2018, ExchangeWire

GeoSpock’s extreme-scale data mission in $5.4m funding boost
8 October 2020, Cambridge Independent

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28 February 2024, Business Wire

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KX Brings the Power and Performance of kdb+ to Python Developers with PyKX
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