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DBMS > 4D vs. Cassandra vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Cassandra vs. NebulaGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score103.86
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.12
Rank#125  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.nebula-graph.io
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookVesoft Inc.
Initial release198420082019
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.3, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions
Triggersyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleCausal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per objectRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCassandraNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
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