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DBMS > 4D vs. Cassandra vs. GraphDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Kinetica

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Cassandra vs. GraphDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Kinetica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score103.86
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score3.10
Rank#100  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score2.10
Rank#126  Overall
#61  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcassandra.apache.orgwww.ontotext.comgithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
www.kinetica.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.heavy.aidocs.kinetica.com
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookOntotextHEAVY.AI, Inc.Kinetica
Initial release19842008200020162012
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.3, July 202310.4, October 20235.10, January 20227.1, August 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++ and CUDAC, C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynouser defined functions
Triggersyesyesnonoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified range
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"noneSharding infoRound robinSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoConstraint checkingnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAM
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per objectDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles on table level
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCassandraGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022Kinetica
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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