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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Cassandra vs. CouchDB vs. MaxDB vs. Percona Server for MySQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Cassandra vs. CouchDB vs. MaxDB vs. Percona Server for MySQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsEnhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score7.46
Rank#51  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score2.15
Rank#115  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score2.06
Rank#118  Overall
#57  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcassandra.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgmaxdb.sap.comwww.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablemaxdb.sap.com/­documentationwww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATEST
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997Percona
Initial release19842008200519842008
Current releasev20, April 20235.0-rc1, July 20243.3.3, December 20237.9.10.12, February 20248.0.36-28, 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoGPL version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaErlangC++C and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoView functions in JavaScriptyesyes
Triggersyesyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache CassandraCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"MaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DPercona Server for MySQL
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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