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DBMS > 4D vs. Cachelot.io vs. HyperSQL vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Cachelot.io vs. HyperSQL vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCachelot.io  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemIn-memory caching systemMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#396  Overall
#64  Key-value stores
Score3.90
Rank#85  Overall
#46  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#141  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcachelot.iohsqldb.orgwww.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmldocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, Inc8Kdata
Initial release19842015200120172016
Current releasev20, April 20232.7.2, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoSimplified BSD LicenseOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
All OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Memcached protocolHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJava, SQLyes
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnonenoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesnoyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCachelot.ioHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBTigerGraphToroDB
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