DBMS > 4D vs. BoltDB vs. RocksDB vs. TypeDB vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BoltDB vs. RocksDB vs. TypeDB vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An embedded key-value store for Go.

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.80
Rank	#215	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	3.41
Rank	#86	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	0.70
Rank	#230	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#106	Relational DBMS

Score	1.52
Rank	#153	Overall
	#5	Vector DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/boltdb/bolt

rocksdb.org

typedb.com

github.com/weaviate/weaviate
weaviate.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

typedb.com/docs

weaviate.io/developers/weaviate

Developer

4D, Inc

Facebook, Inc.

Vaticle

Weaviate B.V.

Initial release

1984

2013

2016

2019

Current release

v20, April 2023

9.2.1, May 2024

2.26.3, January 2024

1.19, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Open Source

commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

yes, maps to GraphQL interface

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

GraphQL is used as query language

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

C++ API
Java API

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

JavaScript / TypeScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

yes

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantages

TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenarios

Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customers

All companies that have data.
» more

Market metrics

As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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