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DBMS > 4D vs. BaseX vs. Hazelcast vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BaseX vs. Hazelcast vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.A widely adopted in-memory data gridWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSNative XML DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.90
Rank#136  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score6.87
Rank#55  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score3.01
Rank#101  Overall
#17  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.combasex.orghazelcast.comwww.postgresql.orgravendb.net
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.basex.orghazelcast.org/­imdg/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsravendb.net/­docs
Developer4D, IncBaseX GmbHHazelcastPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerHibernating Rhinos
Initial release1984200720081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2010
Current releasev20, April 202310.7, August 20235.3.6, November 202316.2, February 20245.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageJavaJavaCC#
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infoXQuery supports typesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersyesyes infovia eventsyes infoEventsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDmultiple readers, single writerone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBaseXHazelcastPostgreSQLRavenDB
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