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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. MaxDB vs. OrientDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. MaxDB vs. OrientDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.80
Rank#111  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score1.19
Rank#183  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score2.87
Rank#107  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.38
Rank#96  Overall
#17  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#15  Key-value stores
Score1.59
Rank#157  Overall
#72  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comiotdb.apache.orgmaxdb.sap.comorientdb.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842018198420101998
Current releasev20, April 20231.1.0, April 20237.9.10 (January 2020), 20203.2.29, March 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languageyesSQL-like query language, no joinsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
Native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesyesJava, JavascriptPL/SQL
TriggersyesyesyesHooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)noneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSource-replica replicationMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknono infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes inforelationship in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache IoTDBMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DOrientDBTimesTen
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