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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CouchDB vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CouchDB vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Enhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.80
Rank#111  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score1.19
Rank#183  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score11.73
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score2.35
Rank#125  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score0.16
Rank#336  Overall
#48  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comiotdb.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-servergithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablewww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATESTwww.xtdb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerPerconaJuxt Ltd.
Initial release19842018200520082019
Current releasev20, April 20231.1.0, April 20233.3.3, December 20238.0.36-28, 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPL version 2Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaErlangC and C++Clojure
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like query languagenoyeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
Native API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesView functions in JavaScriptyesno
Triggersyesyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Sharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache IoTDBCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Percona Server for MySQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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