DBMS > 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CockroachDB vs. MaxDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CockroachDB vs. MaxDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutions

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.19
Rank	#176	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	6.10
Rank	#58	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	2.65
Rank	#111	Overall
	#55	Relational DBMS

Score	1.35
Rank	#165	Overall
	#75	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

iotdb.apache.org

www.cockroachlabs.com

maxdb.sap.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

maxdb.sap.com/documentation

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Cockroach Labs

SAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

1984

2018

2015

1984

1998

Current release

v20, April 2023

1.1.0, April 2023

23.1.1, May 2023

7.9.10.12, February 2024

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

commercial

Limited community edition free

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

Linux
macOS
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
Native API

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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