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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Druid vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataMicrosofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.88
Rank#114  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score2.63
Rank#122  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score922.01
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comdruid.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationlivedoc.4d.comdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoft
Initial release198420121989
Current releasev18 R5, January 202125.0.0, January 2023SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2commercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL for queryingyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache DruidMicrosoft SQL Server
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Recent citations in the news

Fourth-dimension roller coaster
28 April 2022, Wikipedia

4th Dimension 4D Database Excessive CPU Utilization – Iowa City Technology Services
2 October 2014, iowacitytechnologyservices.com

About 4D, Inc (Software Company)
8 July 2019, solvusoft.com

ibrewster/p4d: Python database module for the 4D database system
3 December 2014, github.com

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