DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. MaxDB vs. TimesTen vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. MaxDB vs. TimesTen vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutions

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	19.03
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	2.65
Rank	#111	Overall
	#55	Relational DBMS

Score	1.35
Rank	#165	Overall
	#75	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/redshift

maxdb.sap.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

maxdb.sap.com/documentation

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

SAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

Initial release

1984

2012

1984

1998

2012

Current release

v20, April 2023

7.9.10.12, February 2024

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Limited community edition free

commercial

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Clojure
Java
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in Python

yes

PL/SQL

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

yes

via pluggable storage backends

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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