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DBMS > 4D vs. Altibase vs. Apache IoTDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Altibase vs. Apache IoTDB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAltibase  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn enterprise grade, high-performance RDBMSAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.00
Rank#194  Overall
#91  Relational DBMS
Score1.19
Rank#176  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score645.05
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comaltibase.comiotdb.apache.orgwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­ALTIBASE/­Documents/­tree/­master/­Manualsiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docs
Developer4D, IncAltibaseApache Software FoundationPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release1984199920181989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current releasev20, April 2023v7.3, 2023, August 20231.1.0, April 202316.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoOpen source edition discontinued with March 2023Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++JavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92ANSI SQL-92SQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
JDBC
Native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C++
Java
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesstored procedures and stored functionsyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAltibaseApache IoTDBPostgreSQL
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