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DBMS > 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. GigaSpaces vs. H2 vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. GigaSpaces vs. H2 vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAlibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDB  Xexclude from comparisonGigaSpaces  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on GreenplumHigh performance in-memory data grid platform, powering three products: Smart Cache, Smart ODS (Operational Data Store), Smart Augmented TransactionsFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Object oriented DBMS infoValues are user defined objects
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsGraph DBMS
Search engine
Spatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.62
Rank#241  Overall
#110  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#192  Overall
#32  Document stores
#6  Object oriented DBMS
Score8.22
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score4.20
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­hybriddb-postgresqlwww.gigaspaces.comwww.h2database.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­analyticdb-for-postgresql/­latest/­product-introduction-overviewdocs.gigaspaces.com/­latest/­landing.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Developer4D, IncAlibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development GroupGigaspaces TechnologiesThomas MuellerOpenLink Software
Initial release19842016200020051998
Current releasev20, April 202315.5, September 20202.2.220, July 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial licenses availableOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, C++, .NetJavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno infoXML can be used for describing objects metadatanoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yesSQL-99 for query and DML statementsyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
GigaSpaces LRMI
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
.Net
C++
Java
Python
Scala
Java.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesyes, event driven architectureyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replication infosynchronous or asynchronous
With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoMap-Reduce pattern can be built with XAP task executorsnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable: ALL, QUORUM, ANYImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDBGigaSpacesH2Virtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
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Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
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Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
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Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDBGigaSpacesH2Virtuoso
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