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DBMS > 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. H2 vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. H2 vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemJavaScript DBMS libraryFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.80
Rank#111  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score0.53
Rank#258  Overall
#40  Document stores
#119  Relational DBMS
Score8.14
Rank#50  Overall
#32  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#100  Overall
#16  Key-value stores
Score30.39
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Websitewww.4d.comalasql.orgwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
Developer4D, IncAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffThomas MuellerGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release19842014200520112014
Current releasev20, April 20232.2.220, July 20231.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT-LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptJavaC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)All OS with a Java VMIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesnoyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesnoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92Close to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.yesnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JavaScript APIJDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
JavaScriptJavaC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoJavaScript
TriggersyesyesyesnoJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasenoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDyes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storageACIDnoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAlaSQLH2LevelDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
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