DBMS > 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. AlaSQL vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

JavaScript DBMS library

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Relational DBMS

Document store

Graph DBMS
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#259	Overall
	#40	Document stores
	#120	Relational DBMS

Score	15.00
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	2.05
Rank	#129	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

www.4d.com

alasql.org

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/AlaSQL/alasql

firebase.google.com/docs/database

docs.stardog.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Andrey Gershun & Mathias R. Wulff

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Stardog-Union

Initial release

1984

2014

2012

2010

Current release

v20, April 2023

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT-License

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Close to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JavaScript API

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

JavaScript

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

limited functionality with using 'rules'

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

only for local storage and DOM-storage

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

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Recent citations in the news

Create a Marvel Database with SQL and Javascript, the easy way
2 July 2019, Towards Data Science

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3 May 2020, Towards Data Science

provided by Google News

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8 March 2024, Appinventiv

Atos cybersecurity blog: Misconfigured Firebase: A real-time cyber threat
18 January 2024, Atos

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18 March 2024, The Register

Google Firebase may have exposed 125M records from misconfigurations
19 March 2024, SC Media

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19 March 2024, TechRadar

provided by Google News

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