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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. Graph Engine vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. Graph Engine vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Key-value storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.58
Rank#91  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score0.62
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score2.33
Rank#118  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlwww.graphengine.iowww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualwww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGMicrosoftSymasMicrosoft
Initial release19841971201020112016
Current releasev20, April 20230.9.32, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CCC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
.NETLinux
Unix
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewaynonoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin NaturalyesnoTransact SQL
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistahorizontal partitioningnoneSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event Replicatornoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)noyes

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityLMDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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