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DBMS > 4D vs. Adabas vs. FatDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Yaacomo

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Adabas vs. FatDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Yaacomo

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonFatDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonYaacomo  Xexclude from comparison
FatDB/FatCloud has ceased operations as a company with February 2014. FatDB is discontinued and excluded from the ranking.Yaacomo seems to be discontinued and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformA .NET NoSQL DBMS that can integrate with and extend SQL Server.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.OpenCL based in-memory RDBMS, designed for efficiently utilizing the hardware via parallel computing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.58
Rank#91  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanneryaacomo.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
Developer4D, IncSoftware AGFatCloudGoogleQ2WEB GmbH
Initial release19841971201220172009
Current releasev20, April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC#
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
WindowshostedAndroid
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewayno infoVia inetgration in SQL Serveryes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
.NET Client API
LINQ
RESTful HTTP API
RPC
Windows WCF Bindings
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
NaturalC#Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin Naturalyes infovia applicationsno
Triggersyesnoyes infovia applicationsnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyes, with add-on product Event Replicatorselectable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)no infoCan implement custom security layer via applicationsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"FatDBGoogle Cloud SpannerYaacomo
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